Pakistan’s off-shore wind energy potential : social, economic and financial challenges to its realization

“Pakistan’s energy mix is dominated by thermal power production, which is a source of greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. The country holds immense potential for variable renewable energy, especially in Sindh and Balochistan provinces, and along its coastal belts. Offshore wind technology presents an innovative opportunity to utilize this potential and generate clean energy that would allow the country to meet its renewable energy targets for 2030, set in its NDCs. The global trend of offshore wind development has seen a consistent increase, especially for emission intensive industries that are more difficult to decarbonize. However, many financial, regulatory, socioeconomic, and environmental hurdles stand in the way of the implementation of offshore wind technologies.”